Mauritania and China have enjoyed strong diplomatic ties for over 60 years, with China playing a significant role in Mauritania's development. Since President Mohamed Ould Cheikh El Ghazouani took office in August 2019, relations between the two countries have strengthened, with visits to China and meetings with President Xi Jinping. These interactions have focused on enhancing economic cooperation, with China representing Mauritania's primary trading partner.
President El Ghazouani has emphasized the importance of deepening economic cooperation between Mauritania and China, exploring new areas of collaboration in economics, technology, innovation, and sustainable development. Most areas of cooperation are already covered by existing agreements between the two countries, but acceleration and enhancement are necessary to align with Mauritania's current reform and development trajectory.
One key area of focus is investment in manufacturing, with a need to encourage investment in this sector through partnerships with Chinese companies. This would create new job opportunities and increase the value added to the national economy, moving beyond the export of raw materials such as iron, gold, and copper. By developing local industries, Mauritania aims to reduce its reliance on exporting raw materials and importing manufactured products.
Renewable energy and green hydrogen are also crucial areas for cooperation, with Mauritania possessing significant potential in these fields. President El Ghazouani has highlighted the country's potential to become a major player in the global green hydrogen market, with 4,000 GW of renewable energy potential, including 500 GW ready for immediate development. Collaboration with Chinese companies can help accelerate the development of solar and wind energy projects.
Achieving food self-sufficiency is another priority for President El Ghazouani, who has called on Mauritanians to work towards ensuring the country's food security. The government has made significant efforts in this area, and cooperation with China, which has extensive experience in agricultural technology and irrigation, can help transfer knowledge and expertise to Mauritania.
Investment in scientific research and technology transfer is also essential for Mauritania's development. China has provided scholarships to Mauritanian students in fields such as engineering, artificial intelligence, and agriculture, and has established vocational training centers in partnership with Chinese institutions. This cooperation can help build a skilled workforce capable of managing joint projects between the two countries.
Finally, digitalization is a key area for cooperation, with Mauritania having made significant progress in this field since President El Ghazouani took office. Collaboration with China can help improve e-government services, enhance cybersecurity, and develop digital infrastructure, supporting the country's transition to a more digital economy.
Key points
- Strengthening economic cooperation between Mauritania and China can help drive sustainable development and improve living standards in Mauritania.
- Cooperation in areas such as manufacturing, renewable energy, and green hydrogen can help diversify Mauritania's economy and reduce its reliance on raw material exports.
- Investment in scientific research and technology transfer can help build a skilled workforce in Mauritania and support the country's development goals.
