A recent survey has highlighted the persistent challenge of female genital mutilation in Mali, with 89% of women aged 15-49 having undergone excision, and 70% of girls aged 0-14 already excised. The data, from the 2023-2024 Demographic and Health Survey, reveals that the practice remains deeply ingrained in Malian society. Excision is often performed by traditional exciseurs, who carried out 97% of the acts on girls under 14 and 93% on women aged 15-49.
The survey also found that the prevalence of excision among women has hardly varied over the past few decades, despite years of awareness campaigns. This persistence is attributed to a strong social norm, with 66% of women and 53% of men aged 15-49 believing that excision is required by religion. Furthermore, 80% of women and 72% of men think that the practice should continue. These findings suggest that addressing the issue will require a nuanced approach that takes into account the complex cultural and social factors at play.
The data also reveal a significant association between being excised oneself and supporting the continuation of the practice. For example, 86% of excised women want the practice to continue, compared to only 15% of unexcised women. Similarly, 71% of excised women consider excision a religious requirement, compared to 16% of unexcised women. These findings highlight the need for a more informed and nuanced discussion about the practice.
One of the challenges in addressing excision is the frequent assimilation with male circumcision. However, the two interventions are not equivalent, with excision involving the removal or mutilation of female genital organs, including the clitoris and labia. This confusion can hinder a clear understanding of the issue and the development of effective strategies to address it.
To move forward, it is essential to focus on the facts and evidence, rather than convictions and assumptions. This includes supporting Malian research to better understand the impact of excision on women's health. The recent halt of a study on opinions about excision in Bamako has raised concerns about the ability to conduct research on sensitive topics.
Despite this setback, Mali has a history of conducting research on excision, including the 2018 and 2023-2024 Demographic and Health Surveys, which included modules on excision. The findings from these studies can inform policies and programs aimed at reducing the practice. However, it is crucial to create an environment that allows for open and informed discussion about excision.
Ultimately, addressing excision in Mali will require a multifaceted approach that balances cultural sensitivity with the need to protect the health and well-being of women and girls. This includes promoting education and awareness, supporting research, and engaging with communities to challenge social norms and promote change.
Key points
- Almost 9 in 10 Malian women are excised, with 7 in 10 girls under 15 already subjected to the practice.
- The practice of excision remains deeply ingrained in Malian society, with strong social and cultural norms supporting its continuation.
- Addressing excision will require a nuanced approach that takes into account complex cultural and social factors, and prioritizes education, awareness, and evidence-based policies.
