In 2025, Algerian customs seized over 16.5 million units of psychotropic substances nationwide. This was followed by a series of operations in 2026, including the seizure of 4.292 million psychotropic pills in two separate operations targeting international crime networks. These pills were confiscated by the National Defense Ministry. The evolving nature of the illicit psychoactive substance market in Algeria is prompting concerns about the country's approach to addressing the issue.
The substances seized in Algeria include pregabalin, ecstasy, and cocaine. In August 2026, the National Security Directorate dismantled an international network and seized over 10 million capsules of psychotropic substances, along with more than 33 kg of cocaine. Twenty-five individuals were arrested and placed in provisional detention. These operations indicate a diverse range of substances being targeted by law enforcement.
Pregabalin, a medication with legitimate medical uses, has been subject to abuse and is now a focus of security and health concerns. In November 2025, the regulatory list published several concentrations of pregabalin as prescription-only medications. However, the medication's transition from a legal to an illicit market remains unclear. Authorities are investigating how the substance is diverted from its legitimate medical use.
The complexity of the issue lies in understanding how a legally approved medication becomes part of the illicit market. This can occur through diversion from the legal distribution chain, resale of legally obtained medication, or through non-compliant dispensing. To address this, Algerian authorities must consider the entire supply chain and identify vulnerabilities.
The economic factors driving the illicit trade in psychoactive substances are also a concern. The difference between the cost of obtaining a substance and its resale price can create an incentive for stockpiling, transportation, and resale. However, accurately estimating this margin requires documented field data on prices at various stages of the market.
The Algerian government is taking steps to enhance regulation of the pharmaceutical industry, including the implementation of a system to track medications through their serial numbers and the use of data matrices. This will help verify product authenticity and track its movement within the supply chain.
Understanding the demand side of the illicit psychoactive substance market is crucial. This includes gathering data on users, how they access substances, and whether usage patterns shift between substances. Algerian authorities must combine data on supply and demand to develop effective policies to address the issue.
Key points
- The Algerian government faces challenges in addressing the evolving illicit psychoactive substance market.
- Pregabalin and other substances are being seized in large quantities, but the scope of the problem is likely underestimated.
- Authorities must adopt a comprehensive approach, including tracking the supply chain, understanding economic factors, and addressing demand.
