The Togolese government has established a special coast guard unit, known as the Unité spéciale des gardes-côtes togolaises (USGCT), to oversee the country's maritime space. The unit was created by a decree adopted by the Council of Ministers on January 12, 2024. The USGCT is tasked with monitoring Togolese waters, combating trafficking by pirogues outside controlled zones, and preventing marine pollution. This move aims to bolster the country's maritime security and protect its economic interests.
The creation of the USGCT marks a significant shift in Togo's approach to maritime security. Previously, the surveillance of the country's coastlines relied on interception and deterrence teams from the National Navy. The new unit is mandated to enhance the inter-ministerial organization of the state's civil action at sea, improve coordination between administrations, and develop cooperation with neighboring countries. This comprehensive approach is expected to strengthen Togo's maritime security and contribute to regional stability.
The USGCT is based on standardized operational procedures validated in May 2022, enabling Togo to arrest or prosecute vessels and individuals involved in maritime criminal activities. The unit became operational in December 2025 with the launch of Operation "Kéligou 2", a security device for end-of-year festivities. Its effective operationalization is a priority in the government's 2026 security roadmap, which aims to protect the maritime space and port infrastructure.
The establishment of the USGCT is a response to the threats facing the Gulf of Guinea, including piracy and trans-border crime. Togo's economy is heavily dependent on the port of Lomé, making the security of its national waters crucial for its foreign trade. The unit's creation is expected to mitigate these risks and provide a safer environment for maritime trade.
Experts emphasize that the effectiveness of the USGCT depends on adapted equipment, trained crews, and cooperation with neighboring countries, including Benin, Ghana, and Côte d'Ivoire. The unit's success will require sustained investment and collaboration to ensure the security of Togo's maritime space and the region as a whole.
The USGCT is headquartered in Nimanya, in the Lakes prefecture. Its operationalization is a significant milestone in Togo's efforts to secure its maritime space and protect its economic interests. The unit's activities will be closely monitored to assess its impact on maritime security in the region.
The Togolese government's commitment to maritime security is reflected in its 2026 security roadmap, which prioritizes the protection of the country's maritime space and port infrastructure. The USGCT is a key component of this strategy, and its effectiveness will be crucial in determining the success of Togo's maritime security efforts.
Key points
- The USGCT is tasked with monitoring Togolese waters, combating trafficking, and preventing marine pollution.
- The unit's creation is a response to the threats facing the Gulf of Guinea, including piracy and trans-border crime.
- The effectiveness of the USGCT depends on adapted equipment, trained crews, and cooperation with neighboring countries.
