In today's highly connected world, access to information has never been easier, yet people struggle to find accurate answers to simple questions. This paradox has led to widespread confusion, manipulation, and mistrust. The rapid dissemination of information has outpaced responsibility, with algorithms often prioritizing sensationalism over accuracy. As a result, the right to know is not just a matter of transparency but a fundamental aspect of freedom.
The consequences of restricted access to information are far-reaching. In 2025, a record 313 internet shutdowns were recorded in 52 countries, severely hindering journalism, silencing communities, and depriving individuals of vital information. To mitigate this, laws on access to information are crucial, with 141 countries now having legal guarantees in place. However, the effectiveness of these laws depends on their implementation, and many countries still face significant practical challenges.
Despite progress in enacting laws, many countries struggle with enforcement, oversight, and data management. In a 2025 survey, 51 countries were unable to provide data on data retention, despite claiming to have systems in place. Independent information commissioners and regulatory bodies play a vital role in upholding these laws, but they often face obstacles such as limited mandates, delayed appointments, and budget constraints.
A 2025 test of access to information laws, conducted by UNESCO and the Centre for Law and Democracy, revealed significant shortcomings. Out of 146 identical requests submitted in 76 countries, 38% received no substantial response, and only 42% resulted in full disclosure. The average response time was 22 days. A similar exercise will be conducted this year to assess any changes.
In this information vacuum, courageous and independent journalism is essential. Journalists not only disseminate information but also investigate, verify, and contextualize it, while combating disinformation. The economic and social costs of disinformation are substantial, with UNESCO estimating annual losses of $350-510 billion. Disinformation poses a significant threat to governance, the economy, and citizens' ability to make informed decisions.
Public service broadcasters and independent media are critical in countering disinformation, but they face numerous challenges, including audience fragmentation, declining trust, and financial constraints. To address these issues, a renewed investment in public interest journalism, editorial independence, fact-checking, and media education is necessary. Collaboration across borders is also vital, as disinformation knows no boundaries.
On the occasion of World Information Day and International Universal Access to Information Day, stakeholders are calling for collective action to promote information integrity. Governments, technology companies, and media outlets must work together to ensure that access to information is protected, and that accurate information is prioritized. By doing so, they can help safeguard democracy and promote informed decision-making.
Key points
- Information integrity is essential for a functioning democracy and informed decision-making.
- Laws on access to information are crucial, but their effectiveness depends on implementation and enforcement.
- Independent journalism and public service broadcasters play a vital role in promoting information integrity and combating disinformation.
