The World Mental Health Day, observed on October 10th, aims to raise awareness and mobilize efforts to support those afflicted with mental health challenges. This year's theme, "Lived experiences heard: real voices, real change," highlights the importance of listening to personal experiences to drive policy change and improve care systems. In Nigeria, however, mental health issues are being treated with levity, despite the alarming number of people affected.
According to the Association of Psychiatrists in Nigeria (APN), at least 60 million Nigerians live with one form of mental disorder or another. Unfortunately, about 90% of these individuals do not have access to appropriate mental care. The country has only nine federal neuropsychiatric hospitals, and serious budget constraints have hindered the provision of adequate care. Furthermore, many experts in the field have emigrated to seek better opportunities abroad.
The National Mental Health Bill 2021, signed into law by President Muhammadu Buhari on January 5, 2023, aims to address some of these challenges. The act repealed the Lunacy Act of 1958, which stigmatized mental illness, and recommends that patients be involved in creating their medical plans. The new Act also prohibits forced treatment, seclusion, or restraint without proper safeguards.
Despite this progress, the authorities must do more to address the issue of stigma and promote awareness about mental health. Experts emphasize that mental illness is a medical condition, like diabetes and heart disease, which is treatable. Many people with mental health illnesses can return to a productive and fulfilling life after seeking help. However, the country is not doing enough to tackle this public health emergency.
The growing cases of suicides in Nigeria are a consequence of the inadequate response to mental health challenges. Health professionals define mental health as the emotional, psychological, and social well-being of people, which affects their thoughts, feelings, and behavior. There are over 200 classified forms of mental illness, with depression, bipolar disorder, dementia, schizophrenia, and anxiety disorders being the most common.
A multi-sectoral and multi-disciplinary approach involving various government ministries, agencies, and departments is necessary to address mental health challenges in Nigeria. The ministries of health, labor and employment, and social services must work together to develop effective strategies for prevention, awareness, and care. By doing so, the country can reduce the stigma associated with mental illness and provide support to those affected.
As the World Mental Health Day is marked, stakeholders are calling for increased awareness and action to address the mental health challenges in Nigeria. The authorities must prioritize mental health care, increase funding, and promote awareness about the importance of mental well-being. By working together, Nigeria can mitigate the impact of mental health challenges and provide support to those affected.
Key points
- 60 million Nigerians live with one form of mental disorder or another.
- 90% of people with mental health issues in Nigeria lack access to appropriate care.
- A multi-sectoral approach is necessary to address mental health challenges in Nigeria.
