Epilepsy affects nearly 50 million people worldwide, yet it remains shrouded in misconceptions and stigma, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. A recent cross-sectional study conducted at the University of Health Sciences of Owendo in Gabon aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of medical students regarding epilepsy. The study, which took place from January 15 to March 15, 2025, involved 122 third-year and final-year medical students.
The study found that the median age of participants was 22 years, with 62.3% being women. A significant majority of students, 94.3%, correctly defined epilepsy, while 93.4% knew it was not contagious, and 95.1% recognized the effectiveness of treatment. These results indicate a strong foundation of knowledge about epilepsy among the students.
The attitudes of the medical students towards epilepsy were largely favorable. A significant proportion, 97.5%, supported the inclusion of individuals with epilepsy in schooling, 91.8% in sports, and 95.1% in the workforce. However, 99.2% of the students considered work at sea incompatible with epilepsy, highlighting some concerns about the condition's implications in specific contexts.
Despite their positive attitudes and knowledge, the study revealed that the students' first-aid skills during a convulsive seizure were insufficient. Only 45.9% of participants reported knowing the appropriate management during a seizure, and 47.5% knew the correct post-seizure lateral positioning. These findings suggest a gap in practical skills that needs to be addressed.
The overall knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) score was good in 91.8% of participants. Further analysis showed that students in their final year and those who were female were more likely to have appropriate management skills during a convulsive seizure. This indicates that level of study and gender may influence the practical aspects of epilepsy management.
The study's results have implications for medical education in Gabon. The authors suggest that integrating simulation and practical assessments into medical training could help improve students' first-aid skills and preparedness to manage epilepsy cases effectively. This approach could contribute to better health outcomes for individuals with epilepsy in the region.
The findings of this study align with previous research highlighting the need for enhanced education and awareness about epilepsy. As the World Health Organization and other studies have shown, epilepsy remains a condition surrounded by misconceptions, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Efforts to improve knowledge, attitudes, and practices among future healthcare professionals are crucial in addressing these challenges and promoting better care for individuals with epilepsy.
Key points
- Medical students in Owendo, Gabon, demonstrate strong knowledge and favorable attitudes towards epilepsy but require improved first-aid skills.
