As the rainy season comes to a close, large swaths of Mauritania are experiencing severe drought, while other areas received little to no rainfall this year. This has prompted calls for the government to take urgent action to support herders and farmers, who are crucial to the country's economy and food security. The livestock and seasonal agriculture sectors are key pillars of the economy, employing thousands of people and providing essential goods such as red meat, dairy products, and crops.
The country's herders and farmers require support in the form of fertilizers, irrigation systems, veterinary medicines, and feed for their animals. They also need access to affordable water sources, such as wells. The government must ensure that these resources are distributed fairly and transparently, without favoritism or corruption. By doing so, it can help prevent hoarding, stabilize prices, and alleviate the suffering of citizens, particularly those with limited incomes.
The impact of drought and rising prices is being felt across the country, with the cost of living increasing significantly. In some markets, the price of lamb has reached 4,500 ouguiya per kilogram, up from 3,200 ouguiya previously. Beef prices have also risen to 3,500 ouguiya per kilogram, up from 2,400 ouguiya at the start of the year. This has led to a surge in demand for alternative food sources, such as fish, chicken, and legumes, which have also become more expensive.
The crisis is exacerbated by global events, including the conflict in Iran, which has disrupted trade in the Hormuz and Bab al-Mandab regions. This has driven up energy and transportation costs, further increasing the price of food. To mitigate these effects, the government must adopt proactive policies to protect both producers and consumers.
The government is urged to intervene by providing subsidized feed and facilitating its delivery to affected areas. It should also ensure the availability of veterinary medicines, drill new wells, and monitor the feed and food markets to prevent profiteering. In the agricultural sector, support should be directed to farmers affected by drought, including provision of seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation equipment.
Experts stress that supporting local production is not only a temporary measure to aid specific groups but also a vital investment in the country's food security. Mauritania's experience this year has been marked by two interconnected crises: a local climate crisis and a global economic crisis. The government must be prepared to address these challenges and minimize their impact on citizens.
The consequences of inaction will be severe, with the loss of livestock and decline of agriculture leading to increased reliance on imports and a higher food bill for the state and citizens. Therefore, assistance to herders and farmers is not a luxury but an economic, food, and social necessity. The government must act swiftly to provide targeted support and ensure a fair distribution of resources.
Key points
- The Mauritanian government faces pressure to support herders and farmers amid severe drought and rising food prices.
- The country's economy and food security rely heavily on the livestock and seasonal agriculture sectors.
- Urgent action is required to prevent further economic and social hardship.
