Chinese President Xi Jinping and Gabonese President Brice Oligui Nguema met in Beijing on November 6, 2026, where they agreed to elevate their partnership to a "community of shared future for the new era." This development aims to strengthen cooperation in areas such as mining, investment, and security. The two leaders discussed ways to expand their economic ties, with a focus on the mining sector, which is a significant contributor to Gabon's economy.
The mining sector is a key area of cooperation, with China and Gabon agreeing to develop geological prospecting, mining, local processing, and associated infrastructure. A protocol on geological and mining cooperation was also signed, with China pledging to help Gabon harness its natural resources for development. Gabon is a major producer of manganese, ranking second globally in 2024, according to the US Geological Survey, with approximately a quarter of global production.
China has existing economic interests in Gabon's mining sector, with several Chinese companies already operating in the country alongside French firm Eramet's subsidiary Comilog. The enhanced cooperation could potentially expand China's presence in the sector. For Gabon, the focus is on local transformation, with the government announcing a ban on exports of raw manganese from January 1, 2029, to boost industrial returns and jobs.
The realization of Gabon's transformation ambitions depends on investment and energy supply. A separate protocol with Eramet in July 2026 provides for the study of transformation projects, which are contingent on access to energy. China and Gabon also plan to strengthen their security cooperation, including military training, equipment, technology, and medical support, as well as coordination to protect their citizens, institutions, and projects.
The deepened cooperation between China and Gabon does not include plans for a Chinese military base in Gabon. The partnership also encompasses political and social dimensions, with both countries seeking to increase exchanges between governments, parties, parliaments, and local authorities, while strengthening cooperation in education and healthcare.
The effects of this enhanced cooperation on the economy will need to be monitored through the implementation of funded projects, creation of transformation capacities, and job generation in Gabon. The agreement reflects China's interest in expanding its access to Gabon's natural resources, particularly manganese, which is a critical component in the production of steel and other alloys.
As China and Gabon move forward with their strengthened ties, they aim to create a more comprehensive partnership that benefits both nations. The cooperation is expected to have a positive impact on the economic development of Gabon, while also enhancing China's influence in the region.
Key points
- China and Gabon have agreed to strengthen cooperation in mining, security, and other areas to deepen their bilateral relationship.
- Gabon is a major producer of manganese, ranking second globally in 2024.
- The two countries plan to increase exchanges between governments, parties, parliaments, and local authorities, while strengthening cooperation in education and healthcare.
